Cities at Risk: Jakarta Faces Potential Submergence by 2100

Climate Change and Urban Vulnerability

The World Economic Forum has identified Jakarta as one of the cities with the highest risk of disappearing by 2100 due to the combined effects of climate change and land subsidence. The city is experiencing significant challenges as it faces both rising sea levels and rapid land subsidence.

The Jakarta Situation: Sinking City

Jakarta, the capital of Indonesia, is sinking at an alarming rate. The city is experiencing land subsidence of up to 10 inches (25 cm) per year in some areas, with 40% of its territory already below sea level. The situation is critical as the city relies on a 2-meter seawall for protection against flooding. The primary factors contributing to this condition are excessive groundwater extraction and uncontrolled urban development.

Causes and Consequences

The rapid sinking of Jakarta is primarily attributed to the over-extraction of groundwater, which causes the soil to compact and lose volume. Additionally, urbanization without proper infrastructure planning has exacerbated the problem. If left unaddressed, much of Jakarta could be submerged by the end of the century, displacing millions of residents and causing significant economic damage.

The Need for Urgent Action

To mitigate this crisis, the government needs to implement strict groundwater management policies and invest in infrastructure improvements. This includes enhancing the existing seawall, developing better drainage systems, and promoting more sustainable urban planning practices. The situation in Jakarta serves as a warning for other coastal cities facing similar environmental challenges.