Japan Embarks on Major Military Expansion Amid Rising Regional Tensions

Historic Defense Budget Increase

Japan is set to implement its largest ever defense budget, exceeding ¥9 trillion (approximately US$58 billion) in fiscal year 2026. This significant doubling of military spending marks a major shift in Japan's defense policy, moving away from its traditional post-WWII pacifist stance. The dramatic increase is primarily driven by escalating tensions with China and pressure from the United States to assume a more substantial role in regional security arrangements.

Key Areas of Military Enhancement

The substantial budget will be allocated across several critical areas:

1. Counterattack Capabilities: Developing advanced systems to enhance Japan's deterrence posture
2. Coastal Defense: Strengthening defenses against potential maritime threats
3. Cruise Missiles: Developing long-range strike capabilities
4. Unmanned Weapon Systems: Investing in modern autonomous military technologies

Leadership and Policy Shift

The military expansion is taking place under the leadership of Prime Minister Sanae Takaichi, known for her hawkish stance on defense issues. This policy shift represents a significant departure from Japan's traditional self-defense doctrine that has been in place since World War II. The government's decision reflects a growing recognition of the need for Japan to take a more proactive role in regional security amid increasing military assertiveness from China.