OJK Reveals Reasons Behind Multiple Rural Bank Closures in 2025

Internal Issues Drive Bank Closures

The Financial Services Authority (OJK) has identified serious internal problems as the primary reason for revoking licenses of several Rural Banks (BPR/BPRS) throughout 2025. According to Dian Ediana Rae, OJK's Head of Banking Supervision, the closed banks were those with deteriorating performance and persistent problems mainly caused by fraud incidents and inadequate implementation of good governance and prudential principles.

Industry Performance Remains Stable

Despite the bank closures, the overall BPR/BPRS industry demonstrated robust performance through November 2025. Key highlights include:

• 5.38% year-on-year asset growth
• 5.38% growth in credit disbursement reaching Rp176.66 trillion
• 5.07% growth in third-party funds amounting to Rp167.72 trillion
• Strong capital adequacy ratios: 29.32% for BPR and 19.01% for BPRS, well above regulatory thresholds

Risk Management and Consolidation Efforts

While the non-performing loan (NPL) ratio showed an annual increase, OJK assessed that credit risk remained manageable. The number of bank closures actually decreased in 2025, aligning with the implementation of the BPR/BPRS strengthening roadmap introduced in 2024. OJK has been actively promoting industry consolidation through mergers and has engaged with local governments to support strategic consolidation efforts.

List of Closed Banks in 2025

The OJK revoked licenses from seven BPR/BPRS institutions during 2025:

1. BPRS Gebu Prima (April 2025)
2. BPR Dwicahaya Nusaperkasa (July 2025)
3. BPR Disky Surya Jaya (August 2025)
4. BPRS Gayo Perseroda (September 2025)
5. BPR Artha Kramat (October 2025)
6. BPR Nagajayaraya Sentrasentosa (October 2025, via self-liquidation)
7. BPR Bumi Pendawa Raharja (December 2025)

The closures reflect OJK's commitment to maintaining a healthy and resilient BPR/BPRS industry by addressing persistent problems and promoting consolidation.